What are high-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitors like? What are their characteristics?
Release time:
2022-10-25
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Due to the development of high-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitors, this traditional electrolyte can no longer meet the requirements. Consequently, many new electrolytes have been developed to broaden the operating temperature range of capacitors (e.g., from -55°C to 33.354.125°C). The formulation principle behind these new electrolytes is to mix two solvents in a complementary manner. Two weak acids are used to provide the two required anionic groups. An alkali, such as an organic amine, is added to adjust the electrolyte’s pH and flashover voltage, thereby modifying its resistivity. Additives that enhance the electrolyte’s properties include phosphoric acid or its salts, which prevent hydration of the aluminum oxide film; diphenyl nitrate, which absorbs hydrogen gas; and ethylene oxide, which increases the electrolyte’s flashover voltage.
Due to High-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitor With the development of technology, this electrolyte has become unable to meet the requirements, leading to the emergence of many new electrolytes designed to lower the operating temperature range of capacitors (e.g., from -55 to 33.354.125). The formulation principles underlying these new electrolytes are:
Mix two solvents to achieve complementarity. Two weak acids are used to provide the two desired anionic groups. An alkali, such as an organic amine, is added to adjust the electrolyte’s pH and flashover voltage, thereby modifying its resistivity. Additives that enhance the electrolyte’s properties include phosphoric acid or its salts, which prevent hydration of the alumina film; and dinitrobenzene, which absorbs hydrogen gas. Ethylene oxide is also added to increase the electrolyte’s flashover voltage.
The performance specifications for high-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitors are as follows:
High-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitor It uses an aluminum cylinder as the negative electrode, contains a liquid electrolyte inside, and has a bent aluminum strip inserted as the positive electrode; this is referred to as... High-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitor It is a versatile, high-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitor with excellent electrical performance, a wide range of applications, and high reliability.
Nominal Capacitance and Permissible Tolerance: The capacitance of a capacitor refers to its ability to store electric charge. Common units used to express capacitance include farads (F), microfarads (uF), and picofarads (pF). The capacitance value marked on a capacitor is its nominal capacitance. There will always be some deviation between a capacitor’s nominal capacitance and its actual capacitance. Typically, the capacitance value of a capacitor is directly indicated, and the value may also be expressed numerically. Generally, when the capacitance is less than 10,000 pF, it is expressed in pF; when it exceeds 10,000 pF, it is expressed in uF. For simplicity, capacitors with capacitances greater than 100 pF but less than 1 uF often do not have their units explicitly indicated. If there is no decimal point, the unit is pF; if there is a decimal point, the unit is uF.
Rated Operating Voltage: Within the specified operating temperature range, the capacitor can operate reliably and continuously over a long period. The maximum DC voltage that the capacitor can withstand is known as its withstand voltage, also referred to as the capacitor’s DC operating voltage. In AC circuits, it is important to ensure that the applied AC voltage does not exceed the capacitor’s DC operating voltage rating. Commonly used fixed capacitors have operating voltages of 6.3V, 10V, 16V, 25V, 50V, 63V, 80V, 100V, 120V, 160V, 200V, 250V, 300V, 350V, 400V, 450V, 500V, 550V, and 600V.
Insulation Resistance: Since the dielectric between the two electrodes of a capacitor is not a perfect insulator, its resistance is not infinite but rather finite—typically above 1,000 megohms. The resistance between the two electrodes of a capacitor is referred to as insulation resistance or leakage resistance. It is defined as the ratio of the DC voltage applied at the rated operating voltage to the leakage current flowing through the capacitor. The lower the leakage resistance, the more severe the leakage. Leakage current leads to energy loss, which not only shortens the lifespan of the capacitor but also adversely affects the operation of the circuit. Therefore, the higher the leakage resistance, the better.
Dielectric loss refers to the energy consumed by a capacitor under the influence of an electric field. It is typically expressed as the ratio of the power loss to the reactive power of the capacitor—that is, as the tangent of the loss angle. The larger the loss angle, the greater the capacitor's energy loss. Capacitors with large loss angles are not suitable for operation at high frequencies.
Keywords:
High-ripple-resistant electrolytic capacitor
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